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September 1995

September 1995
Scientific American Magazine

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Table of Contents header

Cover; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 1 Page(s)

Table of Contents; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Masthead; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 1 Page(s)

Letters to the Editor; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 1 Page(s)

50, 100 and 150 Years Ago; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 4 Page(s)

The Treaty That Worked--Almost; September 1995; by Gibbs; 2 Page(s)

Will the black market for CFCs short-circuit the Montreal Protocol?

Calculating with DNA; September 1995; by Leutwyler; 2 Page(s)

Genetic material solves mathematical problems

The Most Dangerous Animal; September 1995; by Gibbs; 1 Page(s)

Jay O'Keeffe smiles widely when I ask him about the hazards of his fieldwork on South African rivers.

Ectoplasm Reigns; September 1995; by Stock; 2 Page(s)

Don't wipe your feet on microbial mats

New Letters for Alphabet Soup; September 1995; by Nemecek; 2 Page(s)

The number of amino acids - the basis for all proteins - just grew

Boot Camp for Surgeons; September 1995; by Stix; 1 Page(s)

Imagine trying to grasp an object with a pair of foot-long chopsticks.

Complexifying Freud; September 1995; by Horgan; 2 Page(s)

Psychotherapists seek inspiration in nonlinear sciences

One Good Pest Deserves Another; September 1995; by Nemecek; 2 Page(s)

Insects are imported to kill an imported tree

Lobster Stew; September 1995; by Zorpette; 3 Page(s)

Dredging and reducing sewage may threaten a Boston harvest

Hide-and-Seek; September 1995; by Leutwyler; 3 Page(s)

Ebola - and the funds to study it- eludes researchers

Common Scents; September 1995; by Derr; 2 Page(s)

Using dogs to track, well, everything

Silence of the Genes; September 1995; by Mirsky; 2 Page(s)

A new view posits evolution in terms of static reduction in DNA

Like a Sieve; September 1995; by Schneider; 1 Page(s)

Providing one of the only remaining sources of hard currency, petroleum is the lifeblood of the former Soviet Union.

The Gulliver Effect; September 1995; by McCloskey; 1 Page(s)

The Gulliver Effect

Patently Obvious; September 1995; by Beardsley; 1 Page(s)

Want to do gene therapy? Ask Sandoz

Arrest that Passenger; September 1995; by Zorpette; 2 Page(s)

Traveling with technology - perhaps even a laptop - can be illegal

Magnificent Men (Mostly) and Their Flying Machines; September 1995; by Schneider; 1 Page(s)

The black automaton hovered ominously in front of them as it flashed its sharp blades, but the young men stood their ground, trusting that their preparations would prevent the menacing machine from coming any closer.

The Guru of Cyberspace; September 1995; by Leutwyler; 2 Page(s)

The Guru of Cyberspace

The Uncertainties of Technological Innovation; September 1995; by Rennie; 3 Page(s)

Even the greatest ideas and inventions can flounder, whereas more modest steps forward sometimes change the world

Information Technologies Table of Content; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Faster, more sophisticated data networks and computers will dominate the systems people use to work and play. Meanwhile intelligence will become a feature of everyday machines. NOTE: No text.

Microprocessors in 2020; September 1995; by Patterson; 4 Page(s)

Every 18 months microprocessors double in speed. Within 25 years, one computer will be as powerful as all those in Silicon Valley today

Wireless Networks; September 1995; by Zysman; 4 Page(s)

In the decade ahead, they will deliver personalized communications to people on the go and basic service to many who still lack telephones

All-Optical Networks; September 1995; by Chan; 4 Page(s)

Fiber Optics will become more efficient as light waves replace electrons for processing signals in communications networks

Artificial Intelligence; September 1995; by Lenat; 3 Page(s)

A crucial storehouse of commonsense knowledge is now taking shape

Intelligent Software; September 1995; by Maes; 3 Page(s)

Programs that can act independently will ease the burdens that computers put on people

Virtual; September 1995; by Laurel; 1 Page(s)

VR will transform computers into extensions of our whole bodies

Satellites For a Developing World; September 1995; by Daggatt; 1 Page(s)

Satellites could provide universal access to the information economy

Transportation Opener; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Huge flying-wing aircarft, magnetically levitated trains and driverless cars may carry passengers to their destinations, while tiny spacecraft explore the solar system. NOTE: No text.

High-Speed Rail: Another Golden Age; September 1995; by Eastham; 6 Page(s)

Neglected in North America but nurtured in Europe and Japan, high-speed rail systems are a critical complement to jets and cars

The Automobile: Clean and Customized; September 1995; by Zetsche; 5 Page(s)

Built-in intelligence will let automobiles tune themselves to their drivers and cooperate to get through crowded traffic systems safely

Evolution of the Commercial Airliner; September 1995; by Covert; 4 Page(s)

Advances in materials, jet engines and cockpit diplays could translate into less expensive and safer air travel

21st-Century Spacecraft; September 1995; by Dyson; 4 Page(s)

A fleet of cheap, miniaturized spacecraft may revive the stalled Space Age, exploring the myriad tiny bodies of the solar system

Why Go; September 1995; by Cervero; 2 Page(s)

Millions of people could be liberated from their vehicles

Medicine Opener; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Many diseases may be cured with gene therapy, and damaged organs may be repaired or replaced with tissue grown from cells in the laboratory. The new century should also see innovative contraceptives, including, finally, some for men. NOTE: No text.

Gene Therapy; September 1995; by Anderson; 4 Page(s)

Several hundred patients have already received treatment. In the next century the procedure will be commonplace.

Artificial Organs; September 1995; by Langer, Vacanti; 4 Page(s)

Engineering artificial tissue is the natural successor to treatments for injury and disease. But the engineers will be the body's own cells

Future Contraceptives; September 1995; by Alexander; 6 Page(s)

Vaccines for men and women will eventually join new implants, better spermicides and stronger, thinnner condoms

An Improved Future?; September 1995; by Caplan; 2 Page(s)

Medical advances challenge thinking on living, dying and being human

Machines, Materials and Manufacturing; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Buildings that repair themselves, machines that fit on the head of a pin and local factories that make products to order are just some of the possibilities. NOTE: No text.

Self-Assembling Materials; September 1995; by Whitesides; 4 Page(s)

The smaller, more complex machines of the future cannot be built with current methods: they must almost make themselves

Engineering Microscopic Machines; September 1995; by Gabriel; 4 Page(s)

Electronic fabrication processes can produce a data storage device or a chemical factory on a microchip

Intelligent Materials; September 1995; by Rogers; 4 Page(s)

Inspired by nature, researchers are creating substances that can anticipate failure, repair themselves and adapt to the environment

Advanced Composites; September 1995; by Staff Editors; 2 Page(s)

After they first appeared in the 1960s, advanced composite materials promised a brave new - not to mention light and durable - future.

High-Temperature Superconductors; September 1995; by Chu; 4 Page(s)

They conduct current without resistance more cheaply than conventional superconductors can and are slowly finding their way to widespread use

Robotics in the 21st Century; September 1995; by Engelberger; 1 Page(s)

Automatons may soon find work as subservient household help

Energy and Environment; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

The most crucial changes will come from attacking the waste problems of industry, agriculture and energy production at a fundamental level. NOTE: No text.

Solar Energy; September 1995; by Hoagland; 4 Page(s)

Technology will allow radiation from the sun to provide nonpolluting and cheap fuels, as well as electricity

Fusion; September 1995; by Furth; 3 Page(s)

Energy derived from fused nuclei may become widely used by the middle of the next century

Disposing of Nuclear Waste; September 1995; by Staff Editors; 1 Page(s)

At 3:49 P.M. on December 2, 1942, in a converted squash court under the football stands at the University of Chicago, a physicist slid back some control rods in the first nuclear reactor and ushered in a new age.

The Industrial Ecology of the 21st Century; September 1995; by Frosch, sidebar by Staff Editors; 4 Page(s)

A clean and efficient industrial economy would mimic the natural world's ability to recycle materials and minimize waste

Technology; September 1995; by Plucknett , Winkelmann; sidebar by Staff Editors; 5 Page(s)

The next green revolution needs to be sophisticated enough to increase yields while also protecting the environment

Outline For an Ecological Economy; September 1995; by von Lersner; 1 Page(s)

Countries can indeed prosper while protecting their environment

Living with New Technologies; September 1995; by Staff Editor; 2 Page(s)

Technology will not solve all our problems. It may even create some. But, despite its shortcomings, it continues to offer us ever more ways to work, play, and order our lives. NOTE: no text.

Technology Infrastructure; September 1995; by Prabhakar; 2 Page(s)

Industrial advances will depend on setting new standards

Designing the Future; September 1995; by Norman; 2 Page(s)

Too frequently, product designers disregard the psychology of the user

Digital Literacy; September 1995; by Lanham; 2 Page(s)

Multimedia will require equal facility in word, image and sound

The Information Economy; September 1995; by Varian; 2 Page(s)

How much will two bits be worth in the digital marketplace?

The Emperor's New Workplace; September 1995; by Zuboff; 2 Page(s)

Information technology evolves more quickly than behavior

What Technology Alone Cannot Do; September 1995; by Lucky; 2 Page(s)

Technology will not provide us all with health, wealth and big TVs

The Great Drain Robbery; September 1995; by Stewart; 2 Page(s)

The Great Drain Robbery

Slipped Disks; September 1995; by Petroski, Shirky, Herzfeld; 5 Page(s)

The way things don't work on CD-ROMs; Internet business primers; Dare to be digital

The Pursuit of the Living Machine; September 1995; by Penny; 1 Page(s)

The Pursuit of the Living Machine




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