The Mind Recovery Act; April 2012; Scientific American Magazine; by Gary Stix; 1 Page(s)
Government declarations of war on drugs or disease often end in losing battles. That is why some neuroscientists have greeted the Obama administration’s goal of preventing or treating Alzheimer’s by 2025 with skepticism. “Setting target dates for any research program always carries the danger of falsely raising expectations,” says Kenneth S. Kosik, a professor of neuroscience at the University of California, Santa Barbara. “Research does not function like an assembly line in which we can project outcomes.” President Barack Obama signed the National Alzheimer’s Project Act into law more than a year ago, and the White House handed in a draft of the plan to Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius in February. The proposal includes $50 million in new research funding for this year.
The 2025 deadline is not as unrealistic as it might seem. In war, anticipating the enemy’s next move is half the battle, and some of the most meaningful advances in Alzheimer’s research in recent years have to do with reconnaissance. Studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging, positron-emission tomography and spinal taps—and newer methods now in the lab—can detect the effects of the buildup of aberrant proteins characteristic of Alzheimer’s some 10 to 15 years before the first symptoms appear. They may be able to go back further, identifying a persistent inflammatory response deep within the brain or capturing the period when mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses, begin spewing toxins as early as middle age. These are normal accompaniments of aging in all of us. For some, however, these changes interact with bad genes or other unidentified risk factors to initiate the torturously slow process that ends with dementia.
