Autism: An Epidemic?; April/May 2007; Scientific American Mind; by Scott O. Lilienfeld and Hal Arkowitz; 2 Page(s)

If the figure of "one in 166" has a familiar ring, perhaps that's because you recently heard it on a television commercial or read it in a magazine. According to widely publicized estimates, one in 166 is now the proportion of children who suffer from autism. This proportion is astonishingly high compared with the figure of one in 2,500 that autism researchers had accepted for decades. Across a mere 10-year period--1993 to 2003--statistics from the U.S. Department of Education revealed a 657 percent increase in the nationwide rate of autism.

Not surprisingly, these bewildering increases have led many researchers and educators to refer to an autism "epidemic." Representative Dan Burton of Indiana also declared in 2001 that "we have an epidemic on our hands." But what's really going on?